The Challenge
Every year, faced with a lack of prospects, young Senegalese people risk their lives migrating to Europe in search of a better life.
With 38.5 % of the population living below the poverty line and 75% of families suffering from chronic poverty, many don’t see any alternative to secure a better future for themselves and their families.
33% of youth aged 15-25 are not in employment, education or training. 60% of young people aged 15-35 are currently unemployed. While 300,000 young people join the Senegalese labour market every year, 62% of young people aged 15-24 (1.9 million people) do not complete primary school, and enter the job market without any skills or qualifications.
Social unrest and government commitment
Those who work, mostly work in the informal sector, either self-employed or employed in family microenterprises.
Many however continue to live in extreme poverty. In March 2022 riots again broke out, exposing the exasperation of youth faced with a lack of prospects and seemingly growing inequalities.
If youth unemployment is a major challenge in the whole of Africa, the Senegalese government has made tackling it one of its priorities. With the support of foreign donors they are working on the reform of the vocational training system to offer better quality skills training and create opportunities for youth entrepreneurship.
Persisting barriers
At the grassroots level however, vulnerable young people including school drop-outs, girls, children in street situations, and talibes (Koranic pupils) still struggle to benefit from these initiatives. Many obstacles persist preventing fair and sustainable access: they still target the well-educated, are limited to local and/or time-bound projects and don’t provide the extra social and financial support needed.
Projects targeting the vulnerable are mainly punctual and fail to bring about lasting change. If some good practices are being developed, many projects rely on civil society instead of strengthening government services. The lack of coordination and collaboration means that many lessons are lost and potential synergies missed. The absence of a systemic approach to tackling the issue means that solutions are short term and ad hoc.